500KW High-efficiency Biogas Genset Agricultural Waste

A biogas generator set uses biogas as fuel. Driven by an internal combustion engine, it efficiently converts biomass energy into electricity and heat. As key equipment for distributed energy systems and circular economy, it turns livestock manure, kitchen waste, industrial organic wastewater, crop straw and other wastes into usable energy. It delivers dual benefits of environmental treatment and energy production, and is widely applied in agriculture, industry, environmental protection and other fields, helping advance the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

Energy conversion follows the sequence: Chemical Energy → Thermal Energy → Mechanical Energy → Electrical Energy. The whole process consists of four major stages: biogas pretreatment, combustion and power generation by internal combustion engine, power generation by generator, and waste heat recovery.

Biogas Pretreatment (Essential Precondition)

Raw biogas contains corrosive hydrogen sulfide, water vapor and solid impurities, which cannot be used directly. It needs desulfurization (biological/chemical method), dehydration, dedusting and pressure stabilization. The pressure is regulated within 5-10kPa to prevent equipment corrosion and operational failures.

Combustion and Power Stroke of Internal Combustion Engine

Purified biogas is mixed with air in a certain ratio and fed into cylinders. Spark plugs ignite the mixture to drive pistons for reciprocating motion, converting the chemical energy of biogas into mechanical energy of crankshaft rotation.

Power Generation by Generator

The crankshaft drives the synchronous generator. Through electromagnetic induction, mechanical energy is converted into stable alternating current for output.

Waste Heat Recovery (Key to High Efficiency)

Waste heat from jacket water and exhaust gas during unit operation can be recycled for heating, drying and refrigeration, realizing cascade utilization of energy.

Energy Efficiency: The power generation efficiency is about 35%-38%, and the waste heat utilization efficiency is around 47%. The overall comprehensive efficiency reaches up to 85%, far higher than that of traditional coal-fired power generation.

1. By Fuel Type

Single-fuel biogas generator set: Runs solely on biogas without auxiliary fuel. Featuring simple structure, easy control and low cost, it is ideal for sites with stable biogas supply such as large-scale farms.

Dual-fuel biogas-diesel generator set: Supports switchover between biogas and diesel. It adapts to fluctuating biogas concentration (methane content: 20%-35%) and automatically switches to diesel when biogas is insufficient. With high operational stability, it suits small and medium-sized projects or sites with unstable biogas supply.

2. By Rotational Speed

Medium-speed unit (500-1000r/min): Low wear, long service life (over 60,000 hours between major overhauls) and low maintenance cost. Suitable for large-scale projects requiring long-term continuous operation.

High-speed unit (>1000r/min): Compact size, high power density and low initial investment. Designed for small-scale distributed energy applications.

3. By Biogas Source

Classified into units for biomass biogas (from crop straw, mushroom residue), wastewater biogas (from sludge, kitchen waste) and landfill gas, matching different sources of organic waste.

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